Solar + Battery + Inverter model in off grid system

On Solar + Battery + inverter model, that is its Maintenance cost and environment affect by battery. Another issue is especially in bigger town/city where multistory residential buildings are getting popular. This causes another issue how and where to install system, as roofs are not available or inadequate. Probably Wall mounted system need to be evolved.

Lots of pertinent questions have been raised, such as:

Layout and design of PV panels.
Availability of surface area.
Upfront cost and break even after consideration of subsidy.
Investor / consumer relationship.
Permission and obligations.
Battery management and life cycle cost or actual ownership cost.
Metering and critical monitoring of Solar PV unit / Charger / Inverter etc.
With or without storage.

I think we need to discuss these issues and also other critical issues before deciding.

I personally feel the PV panels can be staggered with each having it's own tracking and structure. Each PV output will be matched by a DC-DC charger / UPS and bridged with other clusters after phase sequence matching. Matching DC outputs is easier but DC losses are more. Final working out needs to consider the ownership cost, depreciation, upfront finance cost, technical and motivating factors, incentives and subsidies.

If only pumps, staircase and security lighting is powered by it, then storage is must. It may be in the form of local storage such as battery bank or grid feeding. In spite of these restraining factors, we need to go green for humanity.

The success of on or off-grid solar will depend on a trained workforce and industry and most of the questions raised can be addressed. The success of wide scale distributed generation of PV as on or off grid has to be supported by adequate training. GSES has contributed to such training and capacity building world-wide and GSES India is now offering on-grid training with grid connect with batteries to follow.